b scharnberg



March 1932- H. J. B SCHARNBERG DIFFERENTIAL HYDRAULIC RAM FOR CRUSHING MILLS Filed Oct. 16, 1928 6 3 61 J a1 4 m A; L 6 f I 2 v a, m z a Mfl Z i 1 8 A //I 0 2 0 j J1 w\ i I r 9. a 2 1 I 7 7 a] m a a a ||L W a g 2 w a J 5 WW wk mm M e E J m fi BY .gglm ATTORNEY Patented Mar. 8, 1932 PATENT oFFicE HERMAN J. B. SCHARNBERG, OF CENTRAL VERTIENTES, CUBA ID'IZEFEIR IEINTIAL HYDRAULIC RAM FOR CRUSHING MILLS Application filed October 16, 1928. Serial No. 312,867.

My present invention relates to an improvement in crushing mills, and has for its objects the provision of means whereby misalinement, accidental breakage of the crushing rolls or roll trunnions, gearing and appurtenant parts, and so called mill chokes are obviated, and to hold the rolls in their desired position. a

In the present instance, the crusher shown is of the type used in sugar mills. In this class of machine in crushing the sugar cane, the cane is thoroughly desiccated or shredded before passing through the rolls. During the pressing operation, the desiccated cane mass or bagasse is fed to' and through the rolls somewhat irregularly. That is to say, the mass of bagassevaries in thickness at times, is uneven in spots and therefore is constantly changing the pressure and prestherefore chokes the rolls.

sure points between the rolls from end to end. i e

Even pressure, at'present much to be desired, cannot be accomplished due to the unevenness of the presented baga'sseQ At times the mass is abruptly thick and as it passes through the rolls, causes terrific stresses between the rolls and, insome cases, the material cannot pass through the rolls and The pressure exerted bythe rolls upon the treated material, as is well known, is controlled by hydraulic means. Hydraulic rams, operating upon opposite ends of the trunnions of the topcrush- #5 er rolls of such machines are known 1n the The crusher rolls, usually three in number, are'all driven by intermeshed gears, one upon each roll. The latter in turn may be driven by a common, pinion driver operated from any suitable power source.

In general practice the roll gears are mounted upon one side of the rolls only and it is to this particular type of machine that my invention is directed.

Accordingly, one of the principal objects of the present invention is to provide means in a crushing mill so arranged that sudden, irregular thicknesses of bagasse may be presented' to the mill rolls without causing misalinement of trunnions, bearings and gears resulting because of suddenly increasing pressure reactions between the rolls, whereby breakage of the driving parts, gears, rolls or trunnions is effectively prevented.

Another object is to provide hydraulic ram means on a sugar cane crushing mill to increase the reaction to the rod pressures, especially of, those parts which are used to resist the pressure exerted on the bearings of v the crushing rolls, such hydraulic ram means being so arranged and constructed on the gear shaft of one of the crushing rolls, that the hydraulic pressure exerted on the gear side of said shaft is greater than the pressure on the opposite end, thereby constantly maintaining the rolls in their desired, alined position.

Other objects of the invention are to improve generally the simplicity and eiiiciency of such devices and to provide a crushing mill of this kind which is economical, durable and reliable in operation, and economical to manufacture.

Many of the features of the invention may be used without employing all of them, as some of those which are not essential may be omitted without departing from the spirit of the invention, though such omission may be a greater or lesser extent affect the quality of the product; and for the purpose of describing the invention, there is illustrated in the accompanying drawings one form of apparatus,in which drawings.

Fig. 1 is a partially sectioned side view of a characteristic sugar mill construction, and

Fig. 2 is a sectional view taken on the line 2 2, Fig. 1, looking in. the direction of the arrows. 7

Since the presentinvention relates only to the control of pressures between the rolls and coacting moving parts, the characteristic crusher illustrated will only be described in suchdet-ail as will be sufficient to enable a full disclosure of my invention and its application thereto.

Referring to the accompanying drawings in which like characters of reference indicate the same parts in the different views, the frame or casing of the mill is suitably constructed and in the particular crusher illusnect vertical trated such frame comprises abase 1 on horizontal surfaces at the top.

These surfaces are spaced from'each other at their inner ends, leaving a vertical passage between them, with which passage conperforations located in the Against the supporting member 2 are clamped as-by means of bolts 3 and nuts 4;, side plates 5 whichserve to .hold in'position the guide 6 for a centrally located movable bearing 7 above said member. Passages 8 are left at the sides of the central portion 6 of the guide 6, the outside widthof said central portion being greater than the distance lbetween the lower portions of the perforations located in the frame below the horizontal" surfaces mentioned above. A cap 9 is fitted on the upper end ofthe guide 6 and this uide isfirml' connected with theremainder g I) V of the machine by king bolts, the upperportions ofwhich are screw-threaded at 10 to receive nuts ll and lock screws 12. 7 These bolts have also'vertical portions10 which extend through the cap 9 and along theoutside of the central guide portion 6, being in engagement therewith. The bolts have downwardly coni verging portions 10 which extend to the openingsleft in the base 1 and in the supporting member 2. The lower portions 10 of the bolts are again'vertical and parallel and they are held orsecured by means of fastening keys 13 which are passed through the en .larged lower ends of the bolts and engage a suitable bearing plate 14 located in contact with base 1. p s

The manner of gearingithe rolls together forms no part of my present invention and may be the usual one, as follows:' The left side of Fig. 1 shows the roll bearings broken away 'to disclosethe upper or floating roll 22 'a'nd'its integral shaft 22', mounted in the movable or floating bearing 7, the shaft being keyedto a driving gear25 which in turn meshes with'the driving gears 26 of the two lower rolls 27 vThese'lattter .rolls are constructed similar to the upper 1 011 22; While 27} are mounted for free rotatiom-j-bu't:are

[floating 'roll' 22 When 7 material' passes the upper roll is 'movably mounted for. verticalmotion in its bearings 7 the lower rolls otherwise immovable in theirlbearings 'z'. Asis usual in this type of mill, thetwo lower rolls-27 are rigidly mounted and, in operation, react against thefsingle upper,

through'the rollsthe upper roll lifts slightly but is held to desired, juice-extractingpressureby the hydraulic rams '29, 30 and 31.

pressed upper roll 22 has one ram 29 on the right hand side of the shaft 22 which is with out agear, and two rams 30, 31'onthe left hand or, gear side of the shaft thereof, upon which latter side is mounted the, gear 25.

It will be noted that the 'h'ydraulically- Thus, the gear side of the roller 22 has two pressure rams on it and only one on the nongear side. This arrangement is for the purpose of overcoming a mechanical fault herent in present day construction.

The crusher rolls are mounted as previously herein described. H rams 29, are utilized on both sides of roller 22, a'sudden passage of an abrupt, heavy mass of baga'sse between the rolls causes the rolls to move apart, thus pushingtupper roll 22 away from lower rolls 27. This action throws thegears-25 and-26 apneand tends to upset the meshing ofthe gear teeth of the associate gears. The above results in a cam-like action of'the disturbed gears which are then rotating under a heavy loadmutof the pitch contact circle, the gears. tending to cam themselvesupwardly'on the gear side only, thus throwing roll22 out ofa'xis, i.e. at an angle. This action, naturally, throws, the upper roll. 22 at an angle to its alinedoperative axis, and strains andinjures the bearings, resulting in defective or broken gear teeth or a broken roll shaft,.o'r both, and a'seriou's mis- When-only one set of alinement of the roll with its coordinate parts, such as scraper platescand the like,

This tendency of the gear side to climb up out of operative axis, I have'been able to overcome by the arrangement disclosed in Fig. 1, whereby, providing .a double ram on the gear sideof the mill double',.or1practically double pressure is applied to the. gear side of the up,- per roll thereby overcoming the reaction tendency ofthe gears to climb orride out of mesh. 'j Since in rams of this nature asingle hydraulic pressure creating means, not shown, creates pressure in an accumulator 33, Fig. 1,

and the hydraulic pressure therefrom is delivered through piping 34and 15 to the rams in the-caps9, as shown, it will beseen that I readily and conveniently provide a protection and a remedy. for a very common cause effected. The rolls, when arrangedas outlined above, adjust themselvesquickly to any changeof feed in bagasse, the pressure on the sh aft of the upper roll andits relative alin'ement, to the cooperating roll remainingcon stant, thus reducing the crystallization of the metal which takes place with variable pres- S1116S.'

Some of .the advantages ofthe foregoing described inventions are an improvement in sucroseextraction,by reason of keeping the fioatingroll level, frictionsare reduced, improvement in lubrication "is accomplished, prevention of unequal wearlof bearings and gears, quick automatic adjustment of the floating roll to unequal loads, prevention of crystallization of the metal parts which occurs when abrupt pressure changes take place, and reduction of power required to operate the mill.

The foregoing detailed description has been given for clearness of understanding only. Hence no unnecessary limitations should be understood. The appended claim should be construed as broadly as permissible in View of the prior art, it further being understood that the above invention may be applied to crushers other than that shown above.

What I claim is:

Inca sugar cane crushing mill, a frame, a pair of lower rolls mounted therein for free rotation but being fixedly retained relative to, the frame, a third floating roller adjacent the lower rolls and being mounted for rotation, all of said rolls being geared at only one end, a hydraulic ram disposed adjacent the third roll on the ungeared end thereof, a double ram, developing substantially double the pressure of said first ram, disposed adjacent the third roll on the geared end thereof to overcome the reaction tendency of the gears to ride out of mesh during sudden passage of a heavy mass of cane between the third and lower rolls, all of said rams being connected to a common pressure line.

Signed at New York in the county of New York and State of New York this 15th day of October, A. D. 1928.

H. J. B. SCHARNBERG. 

